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The blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier orchestrates immunosurveillance, immunoprotection, and immunopathology in the central nervous system
Jae-sung Bae1,2,* (Professor), Maria Ayub1,2 (Graduate student), Hee Kyung Jin2,3 (Professor)
1Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University,
2KNU Alzheimer’s disease Research Institute, Kyungpook National University,
3Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University
Abstract
Once characterized as an immune privileged area, recent scientific advances have demonstrated that the central nervous system (CNS) is both immunologically active and a specialized site. The anatomical and cellular features of the brain barriers, the glia limitans, and other superficial coverings of the CNS endow the brain with specificity for immune cell entry and other macro- and microelements to the brain. Complex CNS barriers modulate the immunosurveillance and immune cell trafficking which is fundamental for normal physiological and behavioral activities as well as CNS immune homeostasis. Cellular trafficking via barriers comprised of tightly junctioned non-fenestrated endothelium or tightly regulated fenestrated epithelium results in different phenotypic and cellular changes in the brain, that is, inflammatory versus regulatory changes. Based on emerging evidence, we described the unique ability of the blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) to recruit, skew, and suppress immune cells. Additionally, we sum up the current knowledge on both cellular and molecular mechanisms governed by the choroid plexus as well as the cerebrospinal fluid at the BCSFB for immunosurveillance, immunoprotection, and immunopathology.
Abstract, Accepted Manuscript(in press) [Submitted on September 25, 2020, Accepted on November 23, 2020]
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