Therapeutic Application of Extracellular Vesicles for Various Kidney Diseases: A Brief Review |
Sul A Lee1 (Research worker), Tae Hyun Yoo1,* (Professor) |
1Department of Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center/Tufts University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, U.S.A., 2Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea |
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from different types of kidney cells under physiologic conditions contribute to homeostasis maintenance, immune-modulation, and cell-to-cell communications. EVs can also negatively affect the progression of renal diseases through their pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrotic, and tumorigenic potential. Inhibiting EVs by blocking their production, release, and uptake has been suggested as a potential therapeutic mechanism based on the significant implication of exosomes in various renal diseases. On the other hand, stem cell-derived EVs can ameliorate tissue injury and mediate tissue repair by ameliorating apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis while promoting angiogenesis and tubular cell proliferation. Recent advancement in biomedical engineering technique has made it feasible to modulate the composition of exosomes with diverse biologic functions, making EV one of the most popular drug delivery tools. The objective of this review was to provide updates of recent clinical and experimental findings on the therapeutic potential of EVs in renal diseases and discuss the clinical applicability of EVs in various renal diseases.
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Abstract, Accepted Manuscript(in press) [Submitted on October 5, 2021, Accepted on December 10, 2021] |
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